{"id":8997,"date":"2022-05-22T15:11:36","date_gmt":"2022-05-22T15:11:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/21st.greentury.org\/air-quality-in-bucharest\/"},"modified":"2022-08-08T17:04:31","modified_gmt":"2022-08-08T17:04:31","slug":"air-quality-in-bucharest","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/21st.greentury.org\/en\/air-quality-in-bucharest\/","title":{"rendered":"Air quality in Bucharest"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"8997\" class=\"elementor elementor-8997 elementor-7567\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-03863c3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"03863c3\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6d41d9b\" data-id=\"6d41d9b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aa17858 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"aa17858\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.13.3 - 28-05-2023 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Edited by: Emanuela Matei<\/p>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ef975c7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"ef975c7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.13.3 - 28-05-2023 *\/\n.elementor-column .elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--spacer-size)}.e-con{--container-widget-width:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer{width:var(--container-widget-width,var(--spacer-size));--align-self:var(--container-widget-align-self,initial);--flex-shrink:0}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container,.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer{height:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--container-widget-height,var(--spacer-size))}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ec091d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7ec091d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bucharest, suffocated in its own air <\/h1>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1db147c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1db147c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bucharest is a city that is suffocating in its own air, due to pollution, at a worrying cost to people's health and quality of life.<\/p>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-411580c elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"411580c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a9d5b3e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a9d5b3e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The urban atmosphere of Bucharest<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c01db6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5c01db6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.13.3 - 28-05-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bucharest is located in the Romanian Plain. There are two water courses that cross the municipality (D\u00e2mbovi\u021ba and Colentina) and landscaped lakes. The frequency of atmospheric calm is 43.3%. It represents an increase in the risk of accumulation of <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">pollutants <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in the urban atmosphere and an average ventilation capacity of the city. Winds blow from the northeast (16.4%), southwest (11.7%), east (10.3%) and west (9.2%). The average monthly temperature is the lowest recorded in January (-1.3\u00baC in Bucharest-Filaret), and the highest \u2014 in July (22.7\u00baC). With the lowest values in February and the highest in June, the average annual amount of precipitation in Bucharest is 613 mm.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fa571a7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"fa571a7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e8ebe7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4e8ebe7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The main sources of degradation <\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b635b8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7b635b8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sources of<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">air quality degradation<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> they are represented by human activities that exceed the regeneration capacity of the environment. The introduction of various substances and forms of energy contributes to changing the local characteristics of the air. These mean a negative impact on the health of the population, urban biodiversity, the economy or cultural heritage assets.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fd40393 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fd40393\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"> According to the source of degradation, sources can be delimited:<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8fe9fce elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8fe9fce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">from transport (road, rail, air)<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">industrial<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">residential and similar (offices, schools, etc.) <\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">other categories (eg construction sites, large commercial premises).<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d964a37 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d964a37\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The biggest contributors to air pollution in the city of Bucharest are:<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f6b51b3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f6b51b3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">road transport (detached leader, which directly and indirectly contributes more than 60% to the air pollution of the city of Bucharest)<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">energy production in electrothermal plants (about 15%)<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">industrial activities (about 10%),<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">burning activities in the residential sector (1-5%), <\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">waste management (1-2%),<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">construction sites (1-2%) <\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">other categories of pollution sources (1-2%)<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8580c8a elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"8580c8a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e79e8bd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e79e8bd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The main pollutants in Bucharest<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8786d32 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8786d32\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.13.3 - 28-05-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload\" src=\"https:\/\/21st.greentury.org\/wp-content\/themes\/rehub-theme\/images\/default\/blank.gif\" data-src=\"https:\/\/21st.greentury.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/thumbs_dir\/ema-1-pp72o9a9px0eoquc3jvhxgxsf5aulyjrf6g0oy6x14.png\" title=\"Principalii poluan\u021bi din Bucure\u0219ti\" alt=\"Principalii poluan\u021bi din Bucure\u0219ti\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bae86f3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bae86f3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The main causes of pollution are:<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-51cd766 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"51cd766\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Road transport<\/strong> <\/span><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nitrogen oxides<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Carbon monoxide<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Volatile organic compounds<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Suspended particles<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Freon<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">aerosol<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><strong>Industry<\/strong><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Suspended particles<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sulfur oxides<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nitrogen oxides<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ammonia<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">HCl<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Molecular chlorine<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Heavy metals<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Volatile organic compounds<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><strong>Residential<\/strong><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nitrogen oxides<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Suspended particles<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sulphur dioxide<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Carbon monoxide<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Carbon dioxide<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Volatile organic compounds<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f70d25 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7f70d25\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Transport from Bucharest<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2610834 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2610834\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 2020, 1,502,169 vehicles were registered in Bucharest, of which 48% were diesel, 46.5% gasoline, 0.25% electric, and 5.25% have other types of engines.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">All of these emit noise during operation. . Amounts depend on the age and condition of the vehicle, the type of fuel used and the presence of pollution control systems. Noxele principale asociate <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">road traffic<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">are<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">nitrogen oxides<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">carbon monoxide<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">volatile organic compounds (especially benzene) <\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">particulate matter (especially in the case of diesel vehicles)<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To the noxes emitted by combustion processes are added those associated with the operation of the vehicle,<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">such as:<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">particles from tires<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">brake and clutch pads<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">freons from air conditioning systems<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">aerosols from washing the windshield<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">dust deposited on vehicles (if they are not washed)<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ac885a5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ac885a5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The biggest problems of transport activities <\/h4>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6de53be elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6de53be\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The biggest problems occur on boulevards with<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">heavy traffic<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, on the arteries connected with the highways and national roads entering the capital and in the vicinity of congested areas. On the streets where heavy traffic is allowed, the air quality is worse than the other arteries.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The most intense traffic is registered between the hours of 7.00 &#8211; 10.00 and 16.00 &#8211; 20.00, associated with transport to educational institutions, workplaces and homes. On Fridays and Sundays, high traffic values occur at the exits to the highways and national roads between 16.00 and 20.00.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Along with road traffic, railway traffic constitutes a local source of air pollution. The problem is compounds used for the maintenance of railway lines and by combustion compounds.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Another source of degradation associated with transport activities is Baneasa airport. There, air traffic brings significant amounts of nitrogen oxides, carbon and volatile organic compounds.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c16105 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4c16105\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide from Bucharest<\/h4>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d41f48 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4d41f48\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Carbon monoxide &#8211; road traffic, followed at a long distance by thermal power plants<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to Law no. 104\/15.06.2011 on the quality of the surrounding air, for carbon monoxide, the maximum daily value of 8-hour averages is 10 mg\/m3.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sulfur dioxide &#8211; C.E.T.s, followed by industrial units and road traffic <\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to Law no. 104\/15.06.2011 on the quality of the surrounding air, for sulfur dioxide, the hourly limit value is 350 \u03bcg\/m3 (it must not be exceeded more than 24 times a year), and the annual limit value is 20 \u03bcg \/m3<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Other noxes &#8211; from road traffic and activities that circulate these substances<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e0eeac elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"1e0eeac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ede9513 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ede9513\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>All forms of urban nature are important for ensuring the sustainability of the city. This responsibility involves ensuring adequate quantity, quality and accessibility of urban nature for all citizens. limiting the discussion to green spaces, they must be sufficient in quantity, quality, equitably distributed and consistent with user expectations.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-22b6a73 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"22b6a73\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-add8bc1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"add8bc1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/platformademediu.ro\/Raportul-de-Cercetare-Privind-Starea-Mediului-in-Bucuresti-12-aprilie-2022.pdf\">&#8220;State of the Environment in Bucharest &#8211; Research Report 2022&#8221;<\/a><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d6bc5d8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"d6bc5d8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3cf71bc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3cf71bc\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ea1e875\" data-id=\"ea1e875\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-087e15b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"087e15b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Read also:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a9c45c9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-colored_grid_loop\" data-id=\"a9c45c9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"colored_grid_loop.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t   \r\n\t\t<div class=\"coloredgrid pt5 rh-flex-eq-height  col_wrap_three\" data-filterargs='{\"post_type\":\"post\",\"posts_per_page\":12,\"order\":\"\",\"cat\":\"17\",\"orderby\":\"modified\",\"no_found_rows\":1,\"ignore_sticky_posts\":1}' data-template=\"color_grid\" id=\"rh_colorgrid_1234571036\" data-innerargs='{\"columns\":\"3_col\",\"enableimage\":\"\"}'>                    \r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t  \r\n<div class=\"flowhidden col_item rh-shadow3 rehub-sec-smooth rh-hover-up whitebg rh-main-bg-hover csstransall position-relative rh-hovered-wrap\">\r\n<a class=\"abdfullwidth zind2\" href=\"https:\/\/21st.greentury.org\/en\/urban-nature-in-bucharest\/\"><\/a>\r\n<div class=\"rh-borderinside rh-hovered-scale pointernone\"><\/div>\r\n<div class=\"padd20 position-relative zind1\">\r\n    <div class=\"pt10 pr20 pl20 pb10\">\r\n        <div class=\"mt0 mb10 font70 colorgridtext upper-text-trans rehub-main-color whitehovered catforcgrid\">Environmental Report - Bucharest<\/div>\r\n        <h3 class=\"mb30 mt0 font120 lineheight20 colorgridtitle whitehovered\">Urban nature in Bucharest<\/h3>\r\n        <div class=\"mb15 font90 colorgridtext greycolor whitehovered  excerptforcgrid\">                                 \r\n            \/*! elementor - v3.6.5 - 27-04-2022 *\/ ...                       \r\n        <\/div>\r\n        <i class=\"rhicon rhi-arrow-right rehub-main-color whitehovered font130 csstranstrans rh-hovered-rotate position-relative\"><\/i>\r\n    <\/div>                                     \r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t  \r\n<div class=\"flowhidden col_item rh-shadow3 rehub-sec-smooth rh-hover-up whitebg rh-main-bg-hover csstransall position-relative rh-hovered-wrap\">\r\n<a class=\"abdfullwidth zind2\" href=\"https:\/\/21st.greentury.org\/en\/air-quality-in-bucharest\/\"><\/a>\r\n<div class=\"rh-borderinside rh-hovered-scale pointernone\"><\/div>\r\n<div class=\"padd20 position-relative zind1\">\r\n    <div class=\"pt10 pr20 pl20 pb10\">\r\n        <div class=\"mt0 mb10 font70 colorgridtext upper-text-trans rehub-main-color whitehovered catforcgrid\">Environmental Report - Bucharest<\/div>\r\n        <h3 class=\"mb30 mt0 font120 lineheight20 colorgridtitle whitehovered\">Air quality in Bucharest<\/h3>\r\n        <div class=\"mb15 font90 colorgridtext greycolor whitehovered  excerptforcgrid\">                                 \r\n            \/*! elementor - v3.6.5 - 27-04-2022 *\/ ...                       \r\n        <\/div>\r\n        <i class=\"rhicon rhi-arrow-right rehub-main-color whitehovered font130 csstranstrans rh-hovered-rotate position-relative\"><\/i>\r\n    <\/div>                                     \r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t  \r\n<div class=\"flowhidden col_item rh-shadow3 rehub-sec-smooth rh-hover-up whitebg rh-main-bg-hover csstransall position-relative rh-hovered-wrap\">\r\n<a class=\"abdfullwidth zind2\" href=\"https:\/\/21st.greentury.org\/en\/water-from-the-municipality-of-bucharest\/\"><\/a>\r\n<div class=\"rh-borderinside rh-hovered-scale pointernone\"><\/div>\r\n<div class=\"padd20 position-relative zind1\">\r\n    <div class=\"pt10 pr20 pl20 pb10\">\r\n        <div class=\"mt0 mb10 font70 colorgridtext upper-text-trans rehub-main-color whitehovered catforcgrid\">Environmental Report - Bucharest<\/div>\r\n        <h3 class=\"mb30 mt0 font120 lineheight20 colorgridtitle whitehovered\">Water from the Municipality of Bucharest<\/h3>\r\n        <div class=\"mb15 font90 colorgridtext greycolor whitehovered  excerptforcgrid\">                                 \r\n            \/*! elementor - v3.6.5 - 27-04-2022 *\/ ...                       \r\n        <\/div>\r\n        <i class=\"rhicon rhi-arrow-right rehub-main-color whitehovered font130 csstranstrans rh-hovered-rotate position-relative\"><\/i>\r\n    <\/div>                                     \r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t  \r\n<div class=\"flowhidden col_item rh-shadow3 rehub-sec-smooth rh-hover-up whitebg rh-main-bg-hover csstransall position-relative rh-hovered-wrap\">\r\n<a class=\"abdfullwidth zind2\" href=\"https:\/\/21st.greentury.org\/en\/bucharest-disconnected-from-nature\/\"><\/a>\r\n<div class=\"rh-borderinside rh-hovered-scale pointernone\"><\/div>\r\n<div class=\"padd20 position-relative zind1\">\r\n    <div class=\"pt10 pr20 pl20 pb10\">\r\n        <div class=\"mt0 mb10 font70 colorgridtext upper-text-trans rehub-main-color whitehovered catforcgrid\">Environmental Report - Bucharest<\/div>\r\n        <h3 class=\"mb30 mt0 font120 lineheight20 colorgridtitle whitehovered\">Bucharest disconnected from nature<\/h3>\r\n        <div class=\"mb15 font90 colorgridtext greycolor whitehovered  excerptforcgrid\">                                 \r\n            \/*! elementor - v3.6.5 - 27-04-2022 *\/ ...                       \r\n        <\/div>\r\n        <i class=\"rhicon rhi-arrow-right rehub-main-color whitehovered font130 csstranstrans rh-hovered-rotate position-relative\"><\/i>\r\n    <\/div>                                     \r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t  \r\n<div class=\"flowhidden col_item rh-shadow3 rehub-sec-smooth rh-hover-up whitebg rh-main-bg-hover csstransall position-relative rh-hovered-wrap\">\r\n<a class=\"abdfullwidth zind2\" href=\"https:\/\/21st.greentury.org\/en\/bucharest-traffic\/\"><\/a>\r\n<div class=\"rh-borderinside rh-hovered-scale pointernone\"><\/div>\r\n<div class=\"padd20 position-relative zind1\">\r\n    <div class=\"pt10 pr20 pl20 pb10\">\r\n        <div class=\"mt0 mb10 font70 colorgridtext upper-text-trans rehub-main-color whitehovered catforcgrid\">Environmental Report - Bucharest<\/div>\r\n        <h3 class=\"mb30 mt0 font120 lineheight20 colorgridtitle whitehovered\">Bucharest traffic<\/h3>\r\n        <div class=\"mb15 font90 colorgridtext greycolor whitehovered  excerptforcgrid\">                                 \r\n            \/*! elementor - v3.6.5 - 27-04-2022 *\/ ...                       \r\n        <\/div>\r\n        <i class=\"rhicon rhi-arrow-right rehub-main-color whitehovered font130 csstranstrans rh-hovered-rotate position-relative\"><\/i>\r\n    <\/div>                                     \r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t  \r\n<div class=\"flowhidden col_item rh-shadow3 rehub-sec-smooth rh-hover-up whitebg rh-main-bg-hover csstransall position-relative rh-hovered-wrap\">\r\n<a class=\"abdfullwidth zind2\" href=\"https:\/\/21st.greentury.org\/en\/waste-management-in-bucharest\/\"><\/a>\r\n<div class=\"rh-borderinside rh-hovered-scale pointernone\"><\/div>\r\n<div class=\"padd20 position-relative zind1\">\r\n    <div class=\"pt10 pr20 pl20 pb10\">\r\n        <div class=\"mt0 mb10 font70 colorgridtext upper-text-trans rehub-main-color whitehovered catforcgrid\">Environmental Report - Bucharest<\/div>\r\n        <h3 class=\"mb30 mt0 font120 lineheight20 colorgridtitle whitehovered\">Waste management in Bucharest<\/h3>\r\n        <div class=\"mb15 font90 colorgridtext greycolor whitehovered  excerptforcgrid\">                                 \r\n            \/*! elementor - v3.6.5 - 27-04-2022 *\/ ...                       \r\n        <\/div>\r\n        <i class=\"rhicon rhi-arrow-right rehub-main-color whitehovered font130 csstranstrans rh-hovered-rotate position-relative\"><\/i>\r\n    <\/div>                                     \r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t  \r\n<div class=\"flowhidden col_item rh-shadow3 rehub-sec-smooth rh-hover-up whitebg rh-main-bg-hover csstransall position-relative rh-hovered-wrap\">\r\n<a class=\"abdfullwidth zind2\" href=\"https:\/\/21st.greentury.org\/en\/circular-economy-in-bucharest\/\"><\/a>\r\n<div class=\"rh-borderinside rh-hovered-scale pointernone\"><\/div>\r\n<div class=\"padd20 position-relative zind1\">\r\n    <div class=\"pt10 pr20 pl20 pb10\">\r\n        <div class=\"mt0 mb10 font70 colorgridtext upper-text-trans rehub-main-color whitehovered catforcgrid\">Environmental Report - Bucharest<\/div>\r\n        <h3 class=\"mb30 mt0 font120 lineheight20 colorgridtitle whitehovered\">Circular economy in Bucharest<\/h3>\r\n        <div class=\"mb15 font90 colorgridtext greycolor whitehovered  excerptforcgrid\">                                 \r\n            \/*! elementor - v3.6.5 - 27-04-2022 *\/ ...                       \r\n        <\/div>\r\n        <i class=\"rhicon rhi-arrow-right rehub-main-color whitehovered font130 csstranstrans rh-hovered-rotate position-relative\"><\/i>\r\n    <\/div>                                     \r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t  \r\n<div class=\"flowhidden col_item rh-shadow3 rehub-sec-smooth rh-hover-up whitebg rh-main-bg-hover csstransall position-relative rh-hovered-wrap\">\r\n<a class=\"abdfullwidth zind2\" href=\"https:\/\/21st.greentury.org\/en\/bucharest-and-its-sustainability\/\"><\/a>\r\n<div class=\"rh-borderinside rh-hovered-scale pointernone\"><\/div>\r\n<div class=\"padd20 position-relative zind1\">\r\n    <div class=\"pt10 pr20 pl20 pb10\">\r\n        <div class=\"mt0 mb10 font70 colorgridtext upper-text-trans rehub-main-color whitehovered catforcgrid\">Environmental Report - Bucharest<\/div>\r\n        <h3 class=\"mb30 mt0 font120 lineheight20 colorgridtitle whitehovered\">Bucharest and its sustainability<\/h3>\r\n        <div class=\"mb15 font90 colorgridtext greycolor whitehovered  excerptforcgrid\">                                 \r\n            \/*! elementor - v3.6.5 - 27-04-2022 *\/ ...                       \r\n        <\/div>\r\n        <i class=\"rhicon rhi-arrow-right rehub-main-color whitehovered font130 csstranstrans rh-hovered-rotate position-relative\"><\/i>\r\n    <\/div>                                     \r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t  \r\n<div class=\"flowhidden col_item rh-shadow3 rehub-sec-smooth rh-hover-up whitebg rh-main-bg-hover csstransall position-relative rh-hovered-wrap\">\r\n<a class=\"abdfullwidth zind2\" href=\"https:\/\/21st.greentury.org\/en\/bucharest-and-climate-change\/\"><\/a>\r\n<div class=\"rh-borderinside rh-hovered-scale pointernone\"><\/div>\r\n<div class=\"padd20 position-relative zind1\">\r\n    <div class=\"pt10 pr20 pl20 pb10\">\r\n        <div class=\"mt0 mb10 font70 colorgridtext upper-text-trans rehub-main-color whitehovered catforcgrid\">Environmental Report - Bucharest<\/div>\r\n        <h3 class=\"mb30 mt0 font120 lineheight20 colorgridtitle whitehovered\">Bucharest and climate change<\/h3>\r\n        <div class=\"mb15 font90 colorgridtext greycolor whitehovered  excerptforcgrid\">                                 \r\n            \/*! elementor - v3.6.5 - 27-04-2022 *\/ ...                       \r\n        <\/div>\r\n        <i class=\"rhicon rhi-arrow-right rehub-main-color whitehovered font130 csstranstrans rh-hovered-rotate position-relative\"><\/i>\r\n    <\/div>                                     \r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\t\t\r\n\t\t\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n\t<div class=\"clearfix\"><\/div>\r\n\t\r\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-030496b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"030496b\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-35a3866\" data-id=\"35a3866\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a53f4d2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"a53f4d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-15f0913 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"15f0913\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-42b6284\" data-id=\"42b6284\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ff37a55\" data-id=\"ff37a55\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63f3abb elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"63f3abb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"100\" height=\"60\" src=\"https:\/\/21st.greentury.org\/wp-content\/themes\/rehub-theme\/images\/default\/blank.gif\" data-src=\"https:\/\/21st.greentury.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/LOGO-21ST-GREENTURY-PNG-v1m-100x60.png\" class=\"lazyload attachment-minithumb size-minithumb wp-image-3847\" alt=\"greentury\" srcset=\"https:\/\/21st.greentury.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/LOGO-21ST-GREENTURY-PNG-v1m-100x60.png 100w, https:\/\/21st.greentury.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/LOGO-21ST-GREENTURY-PNG-v1m-300x179.png 300w, 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Bucharest is a city that is suffocating in its own air, due to pollution, at a worrying cost to people&#8217;s health and quality of life. The urban atmosphere of Bucharest Bucharest is located in the Romanian Plain. 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